Silicone-made tissue cages were implanted in sheep. Blood serum (SBS) and tissue cage fluid (TCF) samples were collected after amoxicillin intravenous and intramuscular administrations, at the dose of 15 mg/kg. Amoxicillin pharmacodynamics were studied in an artificial culture medium, SBS and TCF with use of a Mannheimia haemolytica and a Pasteurella multocida strain. A concentration-independent antimicrobial activity of amoxicillin was confirmed for levels higher than 0.79–1.75 × MIC. This result favored the use of the percentage of the 24 h dosing interval during which drug levels remain above MIC as the appropriate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic index. The subsequent correlation revealed that intravenous administration could be considered effective against “deep” infections caused by bacteria with MICs < 1 μg/mL or “shallow” infections caused by bacteria with MICs < 0.1 μg/mL. Intramuscular administration could be safely considered effective against both “deep” and “shallow” infections when the MICs of the targeted pathogens are lower than 1 μg/mL. 相似文献
随着对清洁能源利用的逐步重视,我国海上风电产业发展迅猛。人为活动所产生的水下噪声是近几年备受关注的环境问题,而我国对海上风电场水下噪声的相关科学研究却几乎一片空白,因此实验对上海东海大桥海上风电场运行期噪声进行了实地调查采样,并进行数据分析。分别研究了不同单机容量风电机的噪声特性,并对风电场内单个风机分不同深度进行了噪声特性研究,还对不同噪音测量方法进行了对比。结果表明:风电机噪音具有低频及低能级水平的特点,主要频率在400 Hz以内,声压级在81~101 d B之间。海水流速一定时,不同深度风电机水下噪声频谱特性基本一致;当海水流速增大,会导致频谱部分主频峰值的丢失或偏移。噪声记录使用的抛锚定点测量法空间自由度高,但测量时间较被动;漂流法测量路线单一,但测量时间自由度较高。 相似文献